Feeling unsafe at home or in your community can be incredibly stressful. In Missouri, an order of protection is a legal tool that helps create distance between you and someone who may pose a threat. While every situation is different, understanding how these orders work can help you make more informed decisions about your personal safety.
What is the purpose of this order?
An order of protection is a court-issued document that limits or restricts another person’s contact with you. In Missouri, a judge may grant one when there is evidence of domestic violence, stalking or sexual assault. Although no legal document can guarantee complete safety, an order of protection can serve as an important part of a broader safety plan and help reduce potential risks.
Who is eligible to file?
Missouri law generally recognizes two types of protection orders: adult orders and child orders.
- Adult orders: You may request an order if you have a qualifying relationship with the other person, such as a current or former spouse, someone you live with or previously lived with, a person with whom you share a child or a family member.
- Child orders: For minors under age 17, a parent, guardian or court-appointed adult may file on the child’s behalf.
Understanding these categories can help you determine whether you may qualify to seek protection.
What behaviors qualify for protection?
A judge reviews the specific facts of each case to decide whether an order is appropriate. In some situations, a single incident may be enough, especially if it involves a credible threat of harm. Qualifying behaviors may include:
- Abuse: Physical harm or threats that create a reasonable fear of immediate harm
- Stalking: Repeated unwanted contact, following or monitoring that would cause a reasonable person to fear for their safety
- Sexual assault: Non-consensual sexual contact or credible threats of such conduct
- Coercion: Using force or threats to pressure you into acting against your will
These examples illustrate the types of behavior that may justify protection, but each case is considered based on its individual circumstances.
What legal protections are available?
Missouri provides protection in stages to address both immediate and longer-term concerns. An ex parte order is often the first step and a judge may issue this temporary order quickly if there is an immediate risk of harm. It typically remains in place until a formal hearing.
After that, a judge may issue a full order of protection following a hearing where both parties have the opportunity to present information. This order generally lasts from 180 days up to one year, although in cases involving ongoing risk, the court may extend protection for a longer period, sometimes ranging from two to 10 years.
These orders can require the other person to have no contact with you, leave a shared home or follow temporary custody arrangements, depending on the situation.
Taking the next step toward safety
Requesting an order of protection can be an important step toward greater stability and security. If you are considering this option, you may find it helpful to speak with a domestic violence advocate, a legal aid organization or a family law attorney. These resources can help you understand the filing process in your area and explore options that support your safety and well-being.